《英語聽力練習》(16)
【相關連接詞 - Correlation conjunctions】
相關連接詞與對等連接詞類似，也是用來連接兩端對等的元素，唯一不同的是相關連接詞必須成對使用。
常見的相關連接詞有：
在此，提出常用的八個重要的相關連接詞，將逐一以範例說明它們的用法。
請記得，相關連接詞句中所連接前後的 A 和 B 兩個項目在文法上必須對等，如果 A 是名詞，B 也必須是名詞；如果 A 是子句，B 也必須是子句，依此類推。
either A or B
不是A就是Ｂ
Either you or she are wrong.
對嗎？Is it right?
neither… nor (既不… 且不)
若 either A or B 所引導的主詞為名詞時，動詞必須隨 or 之後的 B 做單複數變化。
因為，she為單數名詞，故上句應改為：
Either you or she is wrong.
neither A nor B 屬對等連接詞，意指「不是 A 也不是 B」或「A 和 B 兩者都不是或沒有」，專用在否定的狀況中，表示「兩者皆非」，後面都是接兩個對等的單字、片語或是子句。
I got neither the gift nor the card.
我既沒有收到禮物，也沒有收到卡片。
main points 1
若 neither A nor B 所引導的主詞為名詞時，動詞必須隨 nor 之後的 B 做單複數變化。
Neither the teacher nor the students were in the classroom yesterday.老師和學生們昨天都不在教室裡。（動詞需配合後者主詞 the students）
She can’t neither talk nor walk.（語意錯誤）
main points 2
需注意的是，neither … nor 本身就扮演否定的角色，若是誤用雙重否定（double negative）會改變整個句子原本要表達的語意，因此在使用的時候需要小心，否則會導致意思完全相反。
He could neither talk nor walk.
沒有人知道誰負責。
Nobodyknow who is in charge.
Nobody knows who is in charge.
請參考「主詞動詞一致性」。
我們應該更常見面。
We should seethe other more often.
We should see each other more often.
相互代名詞 "each other" 表示兩個或兩個以上之間的每一個人的互動。
相互代名詞指的是片語"each other" 和 "one another"。
傳統上，當論及兩個人或兩件事物時，用 each other；當論及多於兩個人或多於兩件事物時，用 one another。不過近代英文"each other" 和 "one another"通常可以互用。
Alex and Alice love each other.
Alex和Alice彼此相愛。
"each other" 指 Alex 和 Alice 相互之間。
Anne and I helped each other become better tennis players.
安妮和我互相幫忙成為更好的網球運動員。
兩個人用 “each other”。
Anne, Jane, and I helped one another become better tennis players.
安妮、珍和我互相幫忙成為更好的網球運動員。
三個人用 “one another”。
Mr. Liu teaches his students to treat one another with respect.
劉先生教導他的學生彼此要互相尊重。
"one another" 指學生相互之間。
They worked together and encouraged each other.
They worked together and encouraged one another.
他們一起工作，並且互相鼓勵。
近代英文 "each other" 和 "one another" 通常可以互用。
Why are you always arguing with each other?
你們為什麼總是互相爭吵呢？
兩個人或兩個人以上可以用 "each other"。
請將正確答案拖放到適當的空格內，再按Solve鈕看結果。
相互代名詞 (Reciprocal Pronouns)
第一次約會，誰應該付賬？
Who should pay the bill onfirst date?
Who should pay the bill on a first date?
單數可數名詞 "date"(約會)，前面要有冠詞"a"。
我們永遠不會做任何傷害他們的事情。
We would never donothing to hurt them.
We would never do anything to hurt them.
"never" 與 "nothing" 都具有否定意思，把 nothing 改成 anything，避免使用雙重否定。
這看起來並不像是你的書；它應該是她的。
This doesn't look likeyours book; it must be her.
This doesn't look like your book; it must be hers.
所有格形容詞 your 後面要有名詞 book，所有格代名詞 hers 後面則不能再有名詞。
hers = her book。
我沒有時間為你跑腿。
I have no time to runerrand for you.
I have no time to run errands for you.
"errand" (差事)，是個可數名詞。
He was sent out on an urgent errand.
單數可數名詞前面通常要有冠詞 a/an 或 the (或其他的限定詞，如 my, this, any)。
I will meet you at seven, I have got some errands to do first.
複數可數名詞前面絕對不能有不定冠詞 a/an。
許多名人使用的名字有別以他們在出生時所給予的名字。
Many a celebritygo by a name other than the one they were given at birth.
Many a celebrity goes by a name other than the one they were given at birth.
"many a" 表示許多，但緊跟在後的名詞"celebrity"要用單數，並使用單數動詞"goes"。
我的牛仔褲在哪裡呢？
Whereis my jeans?
Where are my jeans?
成雙成對名詞前面要是沒有 pair(s) of，得用複數動詞。
從摩天大樓的頂端，Nacy 幾乎看不到街道。
From the top of the skyscraper, Nacycannot hardly see the street.
From the top of the skyscraper, Nacy can hardly see the street.
"cannot" 與 "hardly" 都具有否定意思，避免使用雙重否定。
她看起來不錯，淑女風度，或許，甚至是彬彬有禮的。
She looksnicely, ladylike, perhaps, even primly polite.
She looks nice, ladylike, perhaps, even primly polite.
looks 是連綴動詞，只能用形容詞 nice 來修飾。
情態副詞 primly 是由形容詞 prim 加 -ly 形成，prim - “一板一眼的；拘謹的”。
nicely 是副詞，例如： They treated us very nicely. 副詞 nicely 修飾動詞 treated。
【從錯誤中學習】
Nobody
Nobody knows who is in charge.
請參考「主詞動詞一致性」。
We should see
We should see each other more often.
相互代名詞 "each other" 表示兩個或兩個以上之間的每一個人的互動。
【相互代名詞 (Reciprocal Pronouns)】
相互代名詞指的是片語"each other" 和 "one another"。
傳統上，當論及兩個人或兩件事物時，用 each other；當論及多於兩個人或多於兩件事物時，用 one another。不過近代英文"each other" 和 "one another"通常可以互用。
Alex and Alice love each other.
Alex和Alice彼此相愛。
"each other" 指 Alex 和 Alice 相互之間。
Anne and I helped each other become better tennis players.
安妮和我互相幫忙成為更好的網球運動員。
兩個人用 “each other”。
Anne, Jane, and I helped one another become better tennis players.
安妮、珍和我互相幫忙成為更好的網球運動員。
三個人用 “one another”。
Mr. Liu teaches his students to treat one another with respect.
劉先生教導他的學生彼此要互相尊重。
"one another" 指學生相互之間。
They worked together and encouraged each other.
They worked together and encouraged one another.
他們一起工作，並且互相鼓勵。
近代英文 "each other" 和 "one another" 通常可以互用。
Why are you always arguing with each other?
你們為什麼總是互相爭吵呢？
兩個人或兩個人以上可以用 "each other"。
請將正確答案拖放到適當的空格內，再按Solve鈕看結果。
相互代名詞 (Reciprocal Pronouns)
Bill and Ted ask each other for advice all the time.
Technology has made it very easy for people to find one another .
Jerry and Mary love each other .
The gangsters were fighting one another .
Both teams played hard against each other .
相互代名詞的所有格 each other's 和 one another's
Musicians often say they admire each other's work.
音樂家們經常說他們很欣賞對方的作品。
We know too much about one another's marriages.
我們對彼此的婚姻了解得太多了。
Technology has made it very easy for people to find one another .
Jerry and Mary love each other .
The gangsters were fighting one another .
Both teams played hard against each other .
相互代名詞的所有格 each other's 和 one another's
Musicians often say they admire each other's work.
音樂家們經常說他們很欣賞對方的作品。
We know too much about one another's marriages.
我們對彼此的婚姻了解得太多了。
Who should pay the bill on
Who should pay the bill on a first date?
單數可數名詞 "date"(約會)，前面要有冠詞"a"。
We would never do
We would never do anything to hurt them.
"never" 與 "nothing" 都具有否定意思，把 nothing 改成 anything，避免使用雙重否定。
This doesn't look like
This doesn't look like your book; it must be hers.
所有格形容詞 your 後面要有名詞 book，所有格代名詞 hers 後面則不能再有名詞。
hers = her book。
I have no time to run
I have no time to run errands for you.
"errand" (差事)，是個可數名詞。
He was sent out on an urgent errand.
單數可數名詞前面通常要有冠詞 a/an 或 the (或其他的限定詞，如 my, this, any)。
I will meet you at seven, I have got some errands to do first.
複數可數名詞前面絕對不能有不定冠詞 a/an。
Many a celebrity
Many a celebrity goes by a name other than the one they were given at birth.
"many a" 表示許多，但緊跟在後的名詞"celebrity"要用單數，並使用單數動詞"goes"。
Where
Where are my jeans?
成雙成對名詞前面要是沒有 pair(s) of，得用複數動詞。
From the top of the skyscraper, Nacy
From the top of the skyscraper, Nacy can hardly see the street.
"cannot" 與 "hardly" 都具有否定意思，避免使用雙重否定。
She looks
She looks nice, ladylike, perhaps, even primly polite.
looks 是連綴動詞，只能用形容詞 nice 來修飾。
情態副詞 primly 是由形容詞 prim 加 -ly 形成，prim - “一板一眼的；拘謹的”。
nicely 是副詞，例如： They treated us very nicely. 副詞 nicely 修飾動詞 treated。